Adapting ant colony optimization of compliant structures using elements with linearly varying cross-sections

Abstract This work addresses the design of miniature compliant displacement amplifiers. The optimum mechanism is generated through topology optimization two-node frame elements with linearly varying cross sections using Ant Colony Optimization technique. First, stiffness matrices that account for change in cross-section dimensions are formulated. Then, each element assigned 5 independent ants represent its variables defined as width and thickness two peripheral cross-sections addition to material density. Three case studies customized cost functions furnished; first maximizes amplification ratio, second output displacement, while third both ratio simultaneously. resulting micro-compliant amplifiers more compact volume surpass their constant counterparts terms keeping relatively low internal stresses. performances all optimized topologies verified ANSYS.